Weather and Climate Services

Weather and Climate Services (W&CSs) are key support technology for energy-system operators and managers, including efforts towards net zero. They improve the accuracy of energy-demand estimates and help maintain continuity in renewable energy delivery. W&CSs also strengthen transmission and distribution management, enhance system resilience, improve end-use efficiency, and enable innovation through high-quality weather data and analytics.

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W&CS for the Energy System

W&CSs support climate-informed decision-making by producing and delivering timely, decision-relevant information and tailored tools to manage energy operations, transmission and distribution risks, renewable siting, weather-proofing, and adequacy under climate variability and change.

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Weather, Water and Climate Forecasting for the Energy Sector

Energy forecasting spans seconds to decades, aligning short-term needs for operations (e.g., power load forecasting) with longer-term planning needs supported by climate projections for renewable deployment.

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Flexibility of Smart Hybrid Grids

As grids become more weather-dependent and two-way (with renewables and distributed resources), smart technologies and flexible storage help balance variable supply and demand while managing diverse local weather conditions and hazards.

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Forecasting and Smart Hybrid Grids

Forecasting is increasingly central to smart hybrid grid management, as changing climate patterns reduce the accuracy of traditional demand–weather models and drive the need for updated models that capture weather volatility and process smart-grid “big data.”

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Adequacy Assessments

Resource adequacy assessments evaluate whether power systems can meet demand over the next few years—considering demand forecasts, generator availability, transmission constraints and outages—with a growing need to incorporate climate projections to support reliability and renewable integration.

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